1. Intuthu Emhlophe: Izimpawu Nemithombo
Izici:
Umbala:Kuvela okumpunga okumhlophe noma okukhanyayo.
Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana:Izinhlayiya ezinkulu (>1 micron), ngokuvamile ezihlanganisa umhwamuko wamanzi nezinsalela zokuvutha ezingasindi.
Izinga lokushisa:Intuthu emhlophe ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa nokusha okunezinga lokushisa eliphansi noma izinqubo zokusha ezingaphelele.
Ukwakhiwa:
Umhwamuko wamanzi (ingxenye eyinhloko).
Izinhlayiya ezinhle ezivela ekushiseni okungaphelele (isb, imicu engashiswanga, umlotha).
Imithombo:
Intuthu emhlophe ikhiqizwa ngokuyinhlokoimililo eshunqayo, ezenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo zokuntuleka komoyampilo noma izimo ezishisa kancane, njengalezi:
Ukushunqa kwezinto zemvelo njengokhuni, ukotini, noma iphepha.
Izigaba zokuqala zomlilo lapho izinga lokushisa elivuthayo liphansi, likhiqiza inani elikhulu lomhwamuko wamanzi kanye nezinhlayiya ezimbalwa.
Ukushiswa kwezinto ezimanzi noma ezomisiwe kancane (isb., ukhuni olumanzi).
Izingozi:
Intuthu emhlophe ivamise ukuhlotshaniswa nomlilo oshunqayo, ongase ungabi nawo amalangabi abonakalayo kodwa ukhiphe inqwaba yamalangabi.i-carbon monoxide (CO)namanye amagesi anobuthi.
Imililo eshunqayo ivamise ukufihlwa futhi inganakwa kalula kodwa ingadlulela ngokuzumayo ibe amalangabi abhebhetheka ngokushesha.
2. Intuthu Emnyama: Izimpawu Nemithombo
Izici:
Umbala:Kuvela okumnyama noma okumpunga okumnyama.
Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana:Izinhlayiya ezincane (<1 micron), eziminyene, futhi ezinezakhiwo eziqinile zokumunca ukukhanya.
Izinga lokushisa:Intuthu emnyama ivamise ukuhlotshaniswa nokushiswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokusha ngokushesha.
Ukwakhiwa:
Izinhlayiya zekhabhoni (izinto zekhabhoni ezishiswe ngokungaphelele).
Ithayela nezinye izinhlanganisela eziphilayo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Imithombo:
Intuthu emnyama ikhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko nguimililo evuthayo, ezibonakala ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokusha okukhulu, okuvame ukutholakala ku:
Imililo yezinto zokwenziwa:Ukushisa amapulasitiki, irabha, uwoyela, nezinto zamakhemikhali.
Imililo kaphethiloli: Ukushiswa kukaphethiloli, udizili, nezinye izinto ezifanayo kukhiqiza izinhlayiya eziningi zekhabhoni.
Izigaba zakamuva zemililo, lapho ukusha kushuba, kudedela izinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu kanye nentuthu enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa.
Izingozi:
Intuthu emnyama ivamise ukusho ukusabalala komlilo okusheshayo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nezimo ezingase zibe neziqhumane.
Iqukethe amanani amakhulu amagesi anobuthi njengei-carbon monoxide (CO)futhii-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), okubangela ingozi enkulu yezempilo.
3. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwentuthu Emhlophe Nentuthu Emnyama
| Isici | Intuthu Emhlophe | Intuthu Emnyama |
|---|---|---|
| Umbala | Okumhlophe noma okumpunga okukhanyayo | Okumnyama noma okumpunga okumnyama |
| Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana | Izinhlayiya ezinkulu (>i-micron engu-1) | Izinhlayiya ezincane (<1 micron) |
| Umthombo | Imililo eshunqayo, ukushiswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi | Imililo evuthayo, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuvutha okusheshayo |
| Izinto Ezivamile | Ukhuni, ukotini, iphepha, nezinye izinto zemvelo | Ipulasitiki, irabha, uwoyela, nezinto zamakhemikhali |
| Ukwakheka | Umhwamuko wamanzi nezinhlayiya ezingasindi | Izinhlayiya zekhabhoni, itiyela, nezinhlanganisela eziphilayo |
| Izingozi | Okungaba yingozi, kungase kukhiphe amagesi anobuthi | Imililo yokushisa ephezulu, ukusabalala okusheshayo, iqukethe amagesi anobuthi |
4. Ama-alamu Entuthu Ayithola Kanjani Intuthu Emhlophe Nemnyama?
Ukuze uthole ngokuphumelelayo kokubili intuthu emhlophe nemnyama, ama-alamu entuthu esimanje asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obulandelayo:
1. Izihloli zikagesi:
Sebenza ngokusekelwe kumgomo weukuhlakazeka okululaukuthola izinhlayiya ezinkulu entuthuni emhlophe.
Ifaneleka kakhulu ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwemililo eshunqayo.
2. Izihloli ze-ionization:
Izwela kakhulu ezinhlayiyeni ezincane zentuthu emnyama.
Thola ngokushesha imililo evuthayo enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa.
3. Ubuchwepheshe Bezinzwa Ezimbili:
Ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-photoelectric kanye ne-ionization ukuze kutholwe kokubili intuthu emhlophe nemnyama, ithuthukise ukunemba kokutholwa komlilo.
4. Izihloli Ezisebenza Kaningi:
Ihlanganisa izinzwa zokushisa, izitholi ze-carbon monoxide (CO), noma ubuchwepheshe be-multi-spectrum ukuze kuhluke uhlobo lomlilo olungcono kanye nama-alamu amanga ancishisiwe.
5. Isiphetho
Intuthu emhlopheikakhulukazi isuka emlilweni oshunqayo, obonakala ngezinhlayiya ezinkulu, ukusha okunezinga lokushisa eliphansi, nokukhishwa okubalulekile komhwamuko wamanzi namagesi anobuthi.
Intuthu emnyamakuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nemililo evuthayo enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, ehlanganisa izinhlayiya ezincane, eziminyene kanye nokusabalala komlilo okusheshayo.
Okwesimanjeizinzwa ezimbili zentuthuzikufanele kahle ukuthola kokubili intuthu emhlophe nemnyama, okuthuthukisa ukunemba kwesixwayiso somlilo nokwethembeka.
Ukuqonda izici zentuthu akusizi nje kuphela ekukhetheni ama-alamu entuthu alungile kodwa futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni umlilo nasekuphenduleni ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi ngempumelelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-18-2024
