Uhulumeni waseBrussels City uhlela ukusebenzisaimithetho emisha ye-alamu yomusi ngoJanuwari 2025Zonke izakhiwo zokuhlala nezebhizinisi kumele zibe nama-alamu omusi ahlangabezana nezidingo ezintsha. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, lo mthetho wawukhawulelwe ezindaweni zokuqasha, futhi cishe amakhaya angu-40% ayengenazo izindlela zokuphepha emlilweni ezidingekayo ezifakiwe. Lo mthetho omusha uhlose ukuthuthukisa amazinga okuphepha emlilweni kuwo wonke amabhodi nokunciphisa ingozi yemililo ebangelwa ukungafakwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwama-alamu omusi angahambisani nomthetho.
Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kwemithethonqubo emisha
Ngokomthethonqubo we-Brussels Smoke Alarm Regulation ka-2025, zonke izindawo zokuhlala nezokuqasha kumele zibe nama-alamu omusi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezintsha. Izidingo ezithile zifaka:
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zama-alamu omusi
Ibhethri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi:Ama-alamu omusi kumele afakwe ibhethri elakhelwe ngaphakathi elinokuphila kwebhethri okungenani iminyaka eyi-10. Lesi sidingo siqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kwedivayisi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintshwa kwebhethri njalo.
Ukuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-EN 14604:Zonke izixwayiso zentuthu kumele zihambisane nezindinganiso ze-EN 14604 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zingasabela ngokushesha uma kwenzeka umlilo.
Ukuvinjelwa kwama-alamu e-ionization:Imithetho emisha iyakwenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwama-alamu omusi asebenzisa i-ionization futhi incoma ukusetshenziswa kwama-alamu omusi obonakalayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kanye nokuzwela kokuthola intuthu.
Izidingo zebhethri namandla
Ibhethri eliyisipele:Uma i-alamu yentuthu ixhunywe kugridi yamandla (220V), kumele ifakwe ibhethri eliyisipele. Lo mklamo uqinisekisa ukuthi i-alamu yentuthu isasebenza ngokujwayelekile uma ugesi ucishiwe ukuze kugwenywe ukushoda kolwazi lomlilo.
Izidingo zokufakwa kwama-alamu omusi
Indawo lapho kutholakala khona ama-alamu omusi incike ekuhlelekeni kanye nesakhiwo segumbi lesakhiwo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi zingathola izixwayiso ngesikhathi esifanele lapho kuvela umlilo, okulandelayo yizidingo zokufakwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezakhiwo:
1. Isitudiyo
Izidingo zokufaka:Okungenani i-alamu eyodwa yomusi idinga ukufakwa.
Indawo yokufaka:Beka i-alamu yentuthu ekamelweni elifanayo eduze kombhede.
Qaphela:Ukuze kugwenywe ama-alamu angamanga, ama-alamu omusi akufanele afakwe eduze kwemithombo yamanzi (njengeshawa) noma umusi wokupheka (njengamakhishi).
Isincomo:Ezindlini zokuphumula, ama-alamu omusi kufanele abe kude nezindawo lapho kungakhiqizwa khona umusi, njengeshawa noma amakhishi, ukuze kugwenywe ama-alamu angamanga.
2. Indlu enesitezi esisodwa
Izidingo zokufaka:Faka okungenani i-alamu eyodwa yomusi ekamelweni ngalinye eceleni kwendlela "yokujikeleza kwangaphakathi".
Incazelo "yomzila wokujikeleza kwangaphakathi":Lokhu kubhekisela kuwo wonke amakamelo noma imihubhe okumele idluliselwe kusukela ekamelweni lokulala iye emnyango wangaphambili, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungafinyelela kahle indlela yokuphuma uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
Indawo yokufaka:Qiniseka ukuthi i-alamu yentuthu ingamboza zonke izindlela zokuphuma eziphuthumayo.
Isincomo:I-alamu yentuthu ekamelweni ngalinye ingaxhunywa ngqo "kumzila wokujikeleza kwangaphakathi" ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukuzwa i-alamu futhi uphendule ngesikhathi lapho kuvela umlilo.
Isibonelo:Uma indlu yakho inamakamelo okulala, igumbi lokuphumula, ikhishi kanye nephaseji, kunconywa ukuthi ufake ama-alamu omusi okungenani emakamelweni okulala kanye nasephasejini.
3. Indlu enezitezi eziningi
Imfuneko yokufaka:Faka okungenani i-alamu eyodwa yomusi esitezi ngasinye.
Indawo yokufaka:Ama-alamu omusi kufanele afakwe ezitebhisini zokufika zesitezi ngasinye noma ekamelweni lokuqala uma ungena phansi.
Umzila wokujikeleza:Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amakamelo angaphansi "komzila wokujikeleza kwegazi" kufanele afakwe nama-alamu omusi. Indlela yokujikeleza kwegazi yindlela odlula kuyo usuka ekamelweni lokulala uye emnyango wangaphambili, futhi igumbi ngalinye kufanele lifakwe i-alamu yomusi ukuze limboze le ndlela.
Isincomo:Uma uhlala endlini enezitezi eziningi, qiniseka ukuthi isitezi ngasinye sinama-alamu omusi, ikakhulukazi ezitebhisini nasezindleleni, ukuze kwandiswe amathuba okuxwayisa ngesikhathi esifanele bonke abahlali uma kwenzeka umlilo.
Isibonelo:Uma indlu yakho inezitezi ezintathu, udinga ukufaka ama-alamu omusi esitebhisini noma egumbini eliseduze nezitebhisi esitezi ngasinye.
Ukuphakama kokufakwa kanye nesikhundla
Ukufakwa kophahla:I-alamu yomusi kufanele ifakwe maphakathi nophahla ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kumele ifakwe okungenani amasentimitha angu-30 ukusuka ekhoneni lophahla.
Uphahla olugobile:Uma igumbi linophahla olugobile, i-alamu yomusi kufanele ifakwe odongeni futhi ibanga ukusuka ophahleni kufanele libe phakathi kuka-15 no-30 cm, futhi okungenani libe ngu-30 cm ukusuka ekhoneni.
Ama-alamu omusi akufanele afakwe ezindaweni ezilandelayo:
Amakhishi, izindlu zangasese kanye namakamelo okugeza: Lezi zindawo zivame ukuba nezixwayiso ezingamanga ngenxa yomusi, umusi noma imithombo yokushisa.
Eduze kwamafeni kanye nezindawo zokungenisa umoya: Lezi zindawo zingase zithinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwama-alamu omusi.
Isikhumbuzo esikhethekile
Uma igumbi lisetshenziswa kabili futhi liyingxenye "yomzila wokujikeleza kwangaphakathi" (njengekhishi eliphinde lisebenze njengegumbi lokudlela), kunconywa ukufaka i-alamu yentuthu kude nemithombo yokushisa.
Amacala akhethekile kanye nezimfuneko zokuthobela imithetho
Isidingo sokuxhumanisa ama-alamu amane noma ngaphezulu
Uma indawo inezi-alamu ezine noma ngaphezulu ezifakiwe, imithetho emisha idinga ukuthi lawa ma-alamu kumele axhunywe ukuze kwakheke uhlelo lokuthola oluphakathi. Lesi sidingo sihlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokuxwayisa ngomlilo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izingozi zomlilo zingatholakala ngokushesha kuyo yonke indawo.
Uma okwamanje kunezi-alamu zomusi ezine noma ngaphezulu ezingaxhumene, abanikazi bezindlu kumele bazishintshe ngama-alamu axhumene ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 1, 2028 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho iyalandelwa.
Ama-alamu omusi aklanyelwe izithulu noma abantu abanenkinga yokuzwa
Idolobha laseBrussels linaka kakhulu ukuphepha kwabantu abanenkinga yokuzwa. Ama-alamu omusi aklanyelwe abantu abayizithulu noma abanenkinga yokuzwa asevele etholakala emakethe, axwayisa umsebenzisi nge-alamu yomlilo ngokukhanyisa noma ngokudlidliza.Abanikazi bezindlu abanakuphikisa ukuthi abaqashi noma iziphathimandla zomlilo zifake amadivayisi anjalo, kodwa akudingeki bathwale izindleko zokuwathenga.
Imithwalo Yemfanelo Yomninindlu Nomqashi
Imithwalo Yemfanelo Yomninindlu
Abanikazi bezindlu banesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-alamu omusi ahambisanayo afakiwe kule ndawo futhi athwale izindleko zokuthenga nokuwafaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abanikazi bezindlu kumele bawashintshe ama-alamu ngaphambi kokuba i-alamu ifinyelele ekupheleni kwesikhathi sayo sokusebenza (ngokuvamile iminyaka eyi-10) noma ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomenzi.
Imithwalo Yemfanelo Yomqashi
Njengomqashi, unesibopho sokuhlola njalo isimo sokusebenza kwama-alamu entuthu, okuhlanganisa nokucindezela inkinobho yokuhlola ukuze uhlole. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaqashi kufanele babike ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-alamu entuthu kumnikazi wendawo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini ihlala isesimweni esihle.
Imiphumela yokungalandeli imithetho
Uma umninindlu noma umqashi ehluleka ukufaka nokugcina ama-alamu omusi ngokuhambisana nemithetho, angase abhekane nezibopho zomthetho, okuhlanganisa izinhlawulo kanye nokuphoqelelwa kokushintsha imishini. Kubanikazi bezindlu ikakhulukazi, ukwehluleka ukufaka ama-alamu omusi ahambisanayo ngeke kugcine nje kuphela ngezinhlawulo, kodwa futhi kungathinta izimangalo zomshuwalense wendawo.
Indlela yokukhetha i-alamu yomusi efanele
Uma ukhetha i-alamu yentuthu, qiniseka ukuthi ihambisana nezinga le-EN 14604 futhi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhanya. Imikhiqizo yethu ye-alamu yentuthu, okuhlanganisa i-WiFi, amamodeli azimele kanye naxhunyiwe, konke kuhlangabezana nezidingo zomthethonqubo we-alamu yentuthu waseBrussels 2025. Sihlinzeka ngama-alamu asebenzayo anebhethri ende futhi kulula ukuwafaka ukuze sikusize uqinisekise ukuthi ikhaya lakho kanye nempahla yakho yebhizinisi zivikelwe emlilweni.
Chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde kabanzi (I-Europe EN 14604 isitholi somusi esijwayelekile)
Isiphetho
Umthetho omusha we-alamu yentuthu waseBrussels ka-2025 uzothuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokuvikelwa komlilo ezakhiweni zokuhlala nezebhizinisi. Ukuqonda nokuhambisana nale mithetho ngeke kuthuthukise nje kuphela amakhono okuxwayisa ngomlilo kusenesikhathi, kodwa futhi kuzogwema izingozi zomthetho kanye nemithwalo yezezimali. Njengomkhiqizi we-alamu yentuthu ochwepheshe, sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha eziphakeme kakhulu eBrussels kanye nemakethe yomhlaba wonke ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-22-2025