Uhulumeni Wedolobha LaseBrussels uhlela ukwenza lokhoimithetho emisha ye-alamu yentuthu ngoJanuwari 2025. Zonke izakhiwo zokuhlala nezokuhwebelana kufanele zifakwe ama-alamu entuthu ahlangabezana nezidingo ezintsha. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, lo mthethonqubo wawulinganiselwe ezindaweni eziqashisayo, futhi cishe amakhaya angama-40% ayengenazo izinyathelo zokuphepha zomlilo eziphoqelekile ezifakiwe. Lo mthetho omusha uhlose ukuthuthukisa amazinga okuphepha emlilweni kulo lonke ibhodi futhi unciphise ingozi yemililo ebangelwa ukungawafaki noma ukusebenzisa ama-alamu entuthu angathobeli imithetho.
Okuqukethwe okubalulekile kwemithetho emisha
Ngokuvumelana ne-2025 Brussels Smoke Alarm Regulation, zonke izindawo zokuhlala nezindawo eziqashisayo kufanele zifakwe ama-alamu entuthu ahlangabezana namazinga amasha. Izimfuneko ezithile zifaka:
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zama-alamu entuthu
Ibhethri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi:Ama-alamu entuthu kufanele afakwe nebhethri elakhelwe ngaphakathi elinempilo yebhethri okungenani iminyaka eyi-10. Lesi sidingo siqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside kocingo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintshwa kwebhethri njalo.
Ukuhambisana ne-EN 14604 ejwayelekile:Wonke ama-alamu entuthu kufanele athobele izinga le-EN 14604 ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi angasabela ngokushesha uma kuba nomlilo.
Ukwenqatshelwa kwama-alamu e-ionization:Imithetho emisha iyakwenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwama-alamu entuthu ye-ionization futhi incoma ukusetshenziswa kwama-alamu entuthu abonakalayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba nokuzwela kokubona intuthu.
Izidingo zebhethri namandla
Gcina ibhethri:Uma i-alamu yentuthu ixhunywe kugridi yamandla (220V), kufanele ifakwe ibhethri eliyisipele. Lo mklamo uqinisekisa ukuthi i-alamu yentuthu isengasebenza ngokujwayelekile lapho ugesi ucishiwe ukuze kugwenywe ukulahleka kolwazi lomlilo.
Izidingo zokufakwa kwama-alamu entuthu
Indawo yama-alamu entuthu incike ekuhlelweni kanye nesakhiwo segumbi lendawo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi zingathola izexwayiso ngesikhathi lapho kuvela umlilo, okulandelayo yizimfuneko zokufakwa zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezakhiwo:
1. Isitudiyo
Izidingo zokufaka:Okungenani i-alamu yentuthu eyodwa idinga ukufakwa.
Indawo yokufaka:Beka i-alamu yentuthu ekamelweni elilodwa eduze nombhede.
Qaphela:Ukuze ugweme ama-alamu angamanga, ama-alamu entuthu akufanele afakwe eduze kwemithombo yamanzi (njengamashawa) noma isitimu sokupheka (njengamakhishi).
Isincomo:Ezindlini zesitudiyo, ama-alamu entuthu kufanele abe kude nezindawo lapho isitimu singakhiqizwa khona, njengamashawa noma amakhishi, ukuze kugwenywe ama-alamu angamanga.
2. Indawo yokuhlala enesitezi esisodwa
Izidingo zokufaka:Faka okungenani i-alamu yentuthu eyodwa egumbini ngalinye eduze "komzila wokujikeleza wangaphakathi".
Incazelo "yomzila womjikelezo wangaphakathi":Lokhu kubhekisela kuwo wonke amagumbi noma amaphaseji okufanele adluliswe kusukela ekamelweni kuya emnyango ongaphambili, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukufinyelela indlela yokuphuma kahle esimweni esiphuthumayo.
Indawo yokufaka:Qiniseka ukuthi i-alamu yentuthu ingamboza yonke imizila yokuphuma kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
Isincomo:I-alamu yentuthu ekamelweni ngalinye ingaxhunywa ngokuqondile "emzileni ojikelezayo wangaphakathi" ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyayizwa i-alamu futhi uphendule ngesikhathi lapho kuvela umlilo.
Isibonelo:Uma indlu yakho inamakamelo okulala, igumbi lokuphumula, ikhishi kanye nephasishi, kunconywa ukuthi ufake ama-alamu entuthu okungenani emakamelweni okulala kanye nasephasishi.
3. Indawo yokuhlala enezitezi eziningi
Imfuneko yokufaka:Faka okungenani i-alamu yentuthu eyodwa esitezi ngasinye.
Indawo yokufaka:Ama-alamu entuthu kufanele afakwe esitebhisini sesitezi ngasinye noma ekamelweni lokuqala lapho kungena phansi.
Umzila wokujikeleza:Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amakamelo ayingxenye "yomzila wokujikeleza" kufanele afakwe nama-alamu entuthu. Umzila wokujikeleza uyindlela odabula ngayo ukusuka ekamelweni ukuya emnyango ongaphambili, futhi igumbi ngalinye kufanele lifakwe i-alamu yentuthu ukuze ivale le ndima.
Isincomo:Uma uhlala endlini enezitezi eziningi, qiniseka ukuthi iphansi ngalinye lifakwe ama-alamu omusi, ikakhulukazi ezitebhisini nasezindaweni ezidlulayo, ukuze kwandiswe amathuba okuxwayisa bonke abahlali uma kwenzeka umlilo.
Isibonelo:Uma indlu yakho inezitezi ezintathu, udinga ukufaka ama-alamu entuthu endaweni yokuhlala ezitebhisini noma ekamelweni eliseduze nezitebhisi esitezi ngasinye.
Ubude bokufaka nendawo
Ukufakwa kosilingi:I-alamu yentuthu kufanele ifakwe phakathi nendawo yosilingi ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, kufanele kufakwe okungenani ama-30 cm ukusuka ekhoneni lophahla.
Usilingi otshekile:Uma igumbi linophahla olwehlelayo, i-alamu yentuthu kufanele ifakwe odongeni futhi ibanga ukusuka ophahleni kufanele libe phakathi kuka-15 no-30 cm, futhi okungenani ama-30 cm ukusuka ekhoneni.
Ama-alamu entuthu akufanele afakwe ezindaweni ezilandelayo:
Amakhishi, amagumbi okugeza namagumbi okugeza: Lezi zindawo zithambekele ekubeni nama-alamu amanga ngenxa yesitimu, intuthu noma imithombo yokushisa.
Eduze kwabalandeli nezikhala: Lezi zindawo zingathinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwama-alamu entuthu.
Isikhumbuzi esikhethekile
Uma igumbi linokusetshenziswa okukabili futhi liyingxenye "yomzila womjikelezo wangaphakathi" (njengekhishi elisebenza njengendlu yokudlela), kunconywa ukuthi ufake i-alamu yentuthu kude nemithombo yokushisa.
Amacala akhethekile kanye nezidingo zokuhambisana
Isidingo sokuxhuma ama-alamu amane noma ngaphezulu
Uma indawo inama-alamu entuthu amane noma ngaphezulu afakiwe, imithetho emisha idinga ukuthi lawa ma-alamu kufanele axhunywe ukuze akhe isistimu yokuthola indawo eyodwa. Le mfuneko ihlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokuxwayisa ngomlilo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izingozi zomlilo zingabonwa ngokushesha kuyo yonke indawo.
Uma okwamanje kunama-alamu entuthu amane noma ngaphezulu angaxhumekile, abanikazi bezindlu kufanele bafake ama-alamu axhumene esikhundleni sawo ngaphambi komhla ka-1 Januwari 2028 ukuze baqinisekise ukuthobela imithetho.
Ama-alamu entuthu enzelwe izithulu noma ezingezwa kahle
Idolobha laseBrussels likunaka ngokukhethekile ukuphepha kwabangezwa kahle. Ama-alamu entuthu aklanyelwe abantu abayizithulu noma abangezwa kahle aseyatholakala kakade emakethe, axwayisa umsebenzisi nge-alamu yomlilo ngezibani ezikhanyayo noma ngokudlidliza.Abanikazi bezindlu abakwazi ukuphikisa abaqashi noma iziphathimandla zomlilo ezifaka imishini enjalo, kodwa akudingeki ukuba bathwale izindleko zokuyithenga.
Izibopho Zomnikazi Wendawo kanye Nomqashi
Izibopho Zomnikazi Wendawo
Abanikazi bezindlu banesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-alamu entuthu athobelayo afakiwe endaweni futhi athwale izindleko zokuwathenga nokuwafaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abanikazi bezindlu kufanele bashintshe ama-alamu ngaphambi kokuba i-alamu ifinyelele ekupheleni kwempilo yayo yesevisi (imvamisa iminyaka eyi-10) noma ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomenzi.
Izibopho Zomqashi
Njengomqashi, unesibopho sokuhlala uhlola isimo sokusebenza sama-alamu entuthu, okuhlanganisa nokucindezela inkinobho yokuhlola ukuze uhlole. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaqashi kufanele babike ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-alamu entuthu kumnikazi wendawo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlala kusesimweni esihle.
Imiphumela yokungathobeli imithetho
Uma umnikazi wendawo noma isiqashi ehluleka ukufaka nokunakekela ama-alamu entuthu ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo, angase abhekane nezikweletu ezingokomthetho, okuhlanganisa izinhlawulo nokushintshwa ngenkani kwezinto zokusebenza. Kubanikazi bezindlu ikakhulukazi, ukwehluleka ukufaka ama-alamu entuthu athobelayo ngeke nje kubangele izinhlawulo, kodwa kungase kuthinte nezicelo zomshwalense wendawo.
Indlela yokukhetha i-alamu yentuthu efanele
Uma ukhetha i-alamu yentuthu, qiniseka ukuthi ithobelana nezinga le-EN 14604 futhi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubona. Imikhiqizo yethu ye-alamu yentuthu, okuhlanganisa i-WiFi, amamodeli azimele kanye namamodeli axhunyiwe, yonke ihlangabezana nezimfuneko zokulawulwa kwe-alamu yentuthu yaseBrussels 2025. Sihlinzeka ngama-alamu asebenzayo anempilo ende yebhethri nokufaka kalula ukuze sikusize uqinisekise ukuthi ikhaya lakho nempahla yezentengiselwano ivikelekile emlilweni.
Chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde kabanzi (I-Europe EN 14604 isitholi sentuthu esijwayelekile)
Isiphetho
Umthetho omusha we-alamu ka-Brussels 2025 uzothuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokuvikelwa komlilo ezakhiweni zokuhlala nezohwebo. Ukuqonda nokuthobela le mithetho ngeke nje kuthuthukise amakhono okuxwayisa ngomlilo kusenesikhathi, kodwa futhi kuzogwema izingozi ezingokomthetho kanye nemithwalo yezimali. Njengomkhiqizi ochwepheshe we-alamu yentuthu, sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu zokuphepha e-Brussels kanye nemakethe yomhlaba wonke ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-22-2025