Njengoba izehlakalo zomlilo ziqhubeka nokuba yingozi enkulu empilweni nasempahleni emhlabeni wonke, ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke basungule izinqubomgomo eziphoqelekile ezidinga ukufakwa kwama-alamu omusi ezindaweni zokuhlala nezentengiselwano. Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono ojulile wokuthi amazwe ahlukene asebenzisa kanjani imithethonqubo yama-alamu omusi.

 

I-united states

I-US yayingelinye lamazwe okuqala ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kokufakwa kwe-alamu yomusi. Ngokusho kwe-National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), cishe ama-70% okufa okuhlobene nomlilo kwenzeka emakhaya angenazo i-alamu yomusi esebenzayo. Ngenxa yalokho, isifundazwe ngasinye simise imithetho ephoqelela ukufakwa kwe-alamu yomusi kokubili ezakhiweni zokuhlala nezebhizinisi.

 

Izakhiwo Zokuhlala

Iningi lamazwe ase-US lidinga ukuthi kufakwe ama-alamu omusi kuzo zonke izindlu. Isibonelo, iCalifornia iyala ukuthi ama-alamu omusi kumele abekwe kuwo wonke amakamelo okulala, indawo yokuhlala, kanye nephasishi. Amadivayisi kumele ahambisane nezindinganiso ze-UL (Underwriters Laboratories).

 

Izakhiwo Zezentengiselwano

Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano kumele futhi zibe nezinhlelo ze-alamu yomlilo ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-NFPA 72, ezifaka izingxenye ze-alamu yomusi.

 

i-United Kingdom

Uhulumeni wase-UK ugcizelela kakhulu ukuphepha emlilweni. Ngaphansi kwemithetho yokwakha, zonke izakhiwo zokuhlala nezindawo zebhizinisi ezisanda kwakhiwa kudingeka zibe nama-alamu omusi.

 

Izakhiwo Zokuhlala

Izindlu ezintsha e-UK kumele zibe nezixwayiso zomusi ezifakwe ezindaweni zomphakathi kuzo zonke izitezi. Amadivayisi kumele ahambisane nezindinganiso zaseBrithani (BS).

 

Izakhiwo Zezentengiselwano

Izindawo zezentengiselwano ziyadingeka ukufaka izinhlelo ze-alamu yomlilo ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-BS 5839-6. Ukugcinwa nokuhlolwa njalo kwalezi zinhlelo nakho kuyaphoqelelwa.

 

iyuniyani yase-Europe

Amazwe angamalungu e-EU asebenzise imithetho eqinile ye-alamu yomusi ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo ye-EU, eqinisekisa ukuphepha komlilo ezakhiweni ezintsha.

 

Izakhiwo Zokuhlala

Izindlu ezintsha emazweni ase-EU kumele zibe nama-alamu omusi afakwe kuzo zonke izitezi ezindaweni zomphakathi. Isibonelo, iJalimane idinga amadivayisi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-EN 14604.

 

Izakhiwo Zezentengiselwano

Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano kumele futhi zihambisane ne-EN 14604 futhi zihlolwe njalo futhi zilungiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle.

 

I-Australia

I-Australia isungule imithethonqubo yokuphepha emlilweni ebanzi ngaphansi kweKhodi Yayo Yokwakha Kazwelonke. Lezi zinqubomgomo zidinga ama-alamu omusi kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala ezintsha nezentengiselwano.

 

Izakhiwo Zokuhlala

Zonke izinga lezindlu ezintsha kumele zifake ama-alamu omusi ezindaweni ezivamile. Amadivayisi kumele ahambisane ne-Australian Standard AS 3786:2014.

 

Izakhiwo Zezentengiselwano

Izidingo ezifanayo ziyasebenza ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa okuvamile kanye nokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwe-AS 3786:2014.

 

IShayina

I-China iphinde yaqinisa izinqubo zokuphepha emlilweni ngoMthetho Kazwelonke Wokuvikela Umlilo, oyalela ukufakwa kwama-alamu omusi kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezintsha zokuhlala nezentengiselwano.

 

Izakhiwo Zokuhlala

Kudingeka izindawo zokuhlala ezintsha ukuze kufakwe ama-alamu omusi ezindaweni zomphakathi kuzo zonke izitezi, ngokuvumelana nezinga likazwelonke le-GB 20517-2006.

 

Izakhiwo Zezentengiselwano

Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano kumele zifake ama-alamu omusi ahambisana ne-GB 20517-2006 futhi zenze ukuhlolwa kokugcinwa nokusebenza okuvamile.

 

Isiphetho

Emhlabeni jikelele, ohulumeni baqinisa imithetho ephathelene nokufakwa kwe-alamu yentuthu, bathuthukisa amakhono okuxwayisa kusenesikhathi futhi banciphise izingozi ezihlobene nomlilo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka futhi amazinga ethuthuka, izinhlelo ze-alamu yentuthu zizosabalala futhi zifane. Ukunamathela kule mithetho akugcini nje ngokugcwalisa izidingo zomthetho kodwa futhi kuvikela izimpilo kanye nempahla. Amabhizinisi kanye nabantu ngabanye kumele bazibophezele ekufakweni nasekugcinweni okufanele ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphezulu.